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Lithium is a common element and has two stable isotopes, 6Li with an abundance of 7.5% in nature (relative atomic mass 6.94) and 7Li with 92.5% in nature (relative atomic weight 7.01).
7 li is a powerful neutron absorber and is thus essential for the operation of pressurized water reactors as a coolant, as well as a fluoride. It is also used in thermonuclear weapons.
The abundance of 7 li in the Earth is very variable, ranging from 0.9227 to 6.738 mol kg-1, and can be attributed to natural processes of erosion, mineral formation, and ion exchange. It is found in the dissolved and sediment fractions of aquifers, seawater, and marine sediment cores, as well as in calcretes, silicate rocks, and lava.
In the Sun, the 7Li isotope is enriched in the outer layers of the convective envelope, where it dissolves in the interplanetary medium to form hydrogen gas and oxygen. It is subsequently released from the surface as a gaseous halo that surrounds the star.
A small amount of the 7Li isotope may be produced in evolved solar-metallicity red giant branch stars and in magnetically active targets like HD 123351. In these cases, a significant fraction of the surface 7Li isotope is likely to be depleted during stellar evolution, especially for RGB and pre-MS stars where flaring phenomena generate lithium doublets around 670.8 nm.
The a-particles transfer reaction 7Li(d, t)6Li with the production of tri- tium is of great interest for a wide range of applications in current technologies of thermonuclear synthesis [1, 2]. However, little is known about this reaction and its interaction cross sections, even though it is a very important component of the a-particles exchange mechanism of nuclei.