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How to improve the electrochemical performance of nano-silicon anode materials

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What can you do to improve the electrochemical performance of nano-silicon material for anodes?


The creation and use of energy sources that are new is a strategic research direction that governments all over the world attach great importance to. The battery’s performance is critical for the advancement of the new energy sector. There are various kinds of batteries as energy storage elements. There are numerous uses of lithium-ion batteries. They can serve both as energy storage batteries and power batteries. The capacity, efficiency, rate, and cycle retention of lithium-ion batteries are crucial indicators, and its capacity is the most critical.


The lithium-ion battery’s components include positive and negative electrodes as well as separators electrolytes, packaging materials and separators. The enhancement of lithium-ion battery performance is closely tied to the advancement of materials that are positive and negative. The cathode materials available include lithium iron phosphate, cobalt oxide and ternary materials, and their specific cycling capacity is generally less than 200mAh/g; the available anode materials are graphite, silicon carbon materials, and lithium titanate. They also have their cycling ratios. It is less than 420mAh/g. It is vital to increase the specific capacity of anode materials. Nano-silicon theoretically has a capacity of 4200mAh/g. Its limited primary efficacy and inadequate retention of the cycle are two of the main factors that make it not extensively employed.


At present, the three techniques listed below are the most commonly used to enhance the electrochemical performance of silicon-based anode materials


(1) Nano silicon materials:


Zero-dimensional nanometerization may reduce the absolute volume change of silicon; one-dimensional nanometerization can reduce the volume change in radial directions during charging and discharging; two-dimensional nanometerization can reduce the volume change in the direction parallel to the film.


(2) Silicon alloy materials:


One is inert metals (Cu Fe, Mn and Ti, etc.). that don’t react with lithium. The inert phase of metal has excellent conductivity and speeds up the diffusion of Li+. Furthermore, it acts as a buffer matrix; the other type is capable of reacting with lithium. For the active metals (Al, Mg, Sn or Sb.) of the deintercalation reaction, the lithium-intercalation potential platforms of the active metals and silicon are quite different, and the lithium compound generated by the active metal intercalation can be used as a buffer matrix.


(3) Silicon carbon anode material


Nano Silicon anode materials provide full play to the excellent electrical conductivity and good durability of carbon-based materials. As of now, the low retention of cycles in nano silicon anode material is still one of the major issues that prevent its application. By covering the surface of silicon particles with carbon, or making a small amount of silicon into silicon carbide, the cycle retention rate can be improved to an extent. It is apparent that silicon anode materials should be used in conjunction with graphite anodes. The amount of silicon anode materials required for this purpose must be lower than 15 15%.

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