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The chemical compound caesium phosphide is a dangerous fire and explosion hazard, toxic to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. It decomposes in moist air to form phosphorous and phosphine, which can be inhaled and cause a range of serious illnesses including lung oedema. It enters the environment through the discharge of wastewater from factories that use it and when army ammunition ends up in surface waters. It is usually not transported far away from the factory sites and does not spread because it reacts with oxygen very quickly, converting it to less harmful chemicals and particles. It may also be present in groundwater.
The element caesium (IUPAC spelling cesium; atomic number 55) is a soft silvery-gold alkali metal. It has properties similar to rubidium and potassium. It is a highly reactive element that cannot be found free in nature. It forms a number of compounds, including the phosphorus ion, which is the basis for the phosphate group of organic molecules.
Phosphorus forms many compounds, both with oxygen and with other elements. It has a lower electronegativity than the more noble gas elements, so it tends to form bonds with oxygen and other metals. It also combines with non-metals, such as carbon and nitrogen, to form complex organic molecules.
The most common compound of caesium is the halite, sodium chloride (NaCl). Another salt is caesium fluoride (CsF), which has the structure of a typical halite crystal. The Cs+ and F- ions pack in a cubic closest packed arrangement, much like Na+ and Cl- do in sodium chloride.