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Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite, most notably in chalk and limestone. It is also the main component of the shells of marine organisms, snails and eggs. It is a white, odorless, tasteless powder that has a melting point of about 825°C. It is soluble in dilute acid and releases carbon dioxide when heated.
The most common use of calcium carbonate is in the production of rubber and plastic, as it is very cost effective and improves the tensile strength and wear resistance of the product. It can also be used as a filler in papermaking and in the food industry. In addition, it can increase the impact properties of polymers when used in an impact modified formulation.
It is available in several grades when required by the customer, including Mil Spec; ACS and Reagent Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and is manufactured to applicable ASTM testing standards. It is supplied in bulk and smaller volume packaging when needed.
The product can be produced by dry milling or wet surface treatment. In the former case, the raw material is ground in a grinding machine to achieve particle sizes of 2-50 microns. It is then washed, centrifuge dehydrated and dried to obtain light calcium carbonate products. Depending on the application, the product can be further classified as natural or coated ultra-fine calcium carbonate, and the particle size distribution is also adjusted.