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cu foam is a good porous metal material and has been applied in the areas of lithium ion batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and other materials for electrical conductivity. It can also be used as a substrate for in-situ growth of hierarchical electrode materials.
Wet etching with FeCl3 and HCl for cu foam: initiating, rapid, and enhanced by ultrasonication (see Figure 2)
The prepared foams had excellent wet etching characteristics after immersion in acid aqueous solutions of FeCl3 at various concentrations (2.5 mg mL-1 to 40 mg mL-1). As shown in Figure 3, the final mass of each piece of foam decreased with the progressive oxidation-reduction reaction between Fe3+ and Cu. The etching time of the foams, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate, and the concentrations of FeCl3 and HCl played a significant role in obtaining different surface morphologies.
Oil-water separation and wetting behavior of as-prepared cu foam: bouncing and penetrating processes (see Figure 4)
To analyze the wetting behaviors of as-prepared cu foam more intuitively, a high-speed camera system was used to record the gravity-driven oil-water separation process in the form of video snapshots (see Scheme S1). The impacting water droplet, viewed from the side, spread to the surface, retracted, and then lifted off within 240 ms, while the oil droplet, viewed from the top, continuously passed through the as-prepared foam.
In order to investigate the effect of FeCl3 on the oil absorption capacity of as-prepared cu foam, cu foams were soaked in different concentrations of FeCl3 for 10 min. The final concentrations of the etched foams were changed in the range of 3.8-5.3 times itself of the amount of their original cu foams (see Table S1).