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Tantalum, like its close relative niobium, is a refractory metal with a high melting point. It also reacts with gases, limiting its use to vacuum or inert gas environments. In addition to its extremely high melting point, tantalum is also very expensive compared to other refractory metals such as molybdenum and tungsten. tantalum tungsten alloy provides an excellent balance of low temperature ductility and fabrication capability with higher strength and resistance to corrosion than pure tantalum.
The deformation behavior of a fully recrystallized tantalum 2.5% tungsten alloy is investigated by utilizing a phenomenological constitutive relation. The yield and flow stress are found to be sensitive to the strain rate, with a rapid increase at small rates of strain. The microstructural evolution in the alloy is characterized by diffuse cells divided by clear incidental dislocation boundaries, and remnants of Taylor lattices at larger strains. The calculated strengths from the microstructural parameters correlate well with experimental tension tests and the measured ductility.
The alloy is readily machinable, with good tensile properties and elongation at low temperatures. It can be welded with the GTAW (tungsten inert gas) process, but caution must be taken to prevent exposure of the weld surface to air for extended periods of time to avoid weld embrittlement. The alloy can also be forged to a very tight tolerance in its annealed condition. Fabrication of rod, sheet & plate from this material is common for applications such as vacuum furnace liners, deep drawn tubes & cups, and other equipment that requires an inert metal.
